Resources
Planting Schedules
Native plants grow on different growing cycles, so it can be tricky to know exactly when to plant seeds, divide seedlings and plant natives grown in containers. We have created these handy Planting Schedules to help you!
These schedules are divided by planting from seed, seedlings, and container-grown plants. Each schedule is listed by species, and has a color key by month as to the treatment or care needed at that time.
Phytocentric Growth Cycles
| Planting Season | Benefits of Planting this Season | Key Information for Successful Planting |
| Early Growth Planting 3/10-5/15 | -Plants are breaking dormancy, active growth period -Reduced risk of plants drying out -Can plant no-till gardens | -Best time for planting cool season (plants that actively grow between 40-70 degrees such as ferns, spring ephemerals, and woodland plants) |
| Active Growth Planting 5/15-8/20 | -During these months meadow species (wildflowers such as milkweeds, lobelias, black-eyed susans) have their most active growth period of the year -With adequate moisture levels in the soil, roots can get established quickly | -When temperatures are 80-90 degrees, plants should be watered every 2 days without rain; between 90-100 degrees every other day, and everyday when temperatures are above 100 degrees -Not the best time to plant a no-till garden |
| Pre-Dormancy Planting 8/20-10/20 | -Reduced risk of plants plants drying out -Can plant no-till gardens -Great time to plant woodies since they benefit from two cool seasons of root growth before summer heat, and tend to take longer to get established | -You may need to provide extra water for the first weeks of this season, but you can get two cool seasons to establish roots before summer heat sets in and capture the full root growth benefits of this period -Fall root growth is most active early in September, tapering off through mid-October -To get the most out of pre-dormancy planting, plant in late August/early September to allow plants to spread roots before dormancy |
| Dormancy Planting 10/20-3/10 | -Great time to plant without sweating. You can wear longer, protective clothing without being hot -Can plant no-till gardens -Dormancy planting allows plants begin growing as soon as they break dormancy (capturing the full season of early growth) in the ground | -When setting the depth of your plant, make sure it is flush with the surrounding soil -Bona Terra plants are grown outside and are always ready for dormancy-season planting. When purchasing plants from another grower, ask if the plants are currently in a greenhouse since they may need to be acclimated before dormancy planting |
Seedling Division Guide
Have you received seedlings or seeded quarts from our Plant Grant or Seedling Giveaway Events? Check out our Seedling Division Guide for instructions on how to divide seedlings, mix soil, and important factors to consider for the health and longevity of your native plant seedlings.
Check out our new Soil Prep Guide
Are you ready to prep a native garden, but don’t know where to start? Interested in learning more about till and no-till practices? Check out our new Bona Terra Soil Prep Guide!
Seed Catalog and Growing Guide
Interested in growing native plants from seed? Use the Bona Terra Seed Catalog and Growing Guide to learn information about the species we carry and how to get started.
News Articles
Save the Carolina Mantis
Carolina Mantises (Stagmomantis carolina) are praying mantises native to our area, but must compete with invasive mantis species like the Chinese Mantis (Tenodera sinesis) and the European Mantis (Mantis religiosa) for food. These invasive mantises have by and large naturalized themselves in the Chesapeake Bay area, and are indiscriminate predators. There is a prevailing misconception that these large mantises only eat pests, but they will actually eat anything that crosses their path. While native mantises have an important role to play in the garden, purchasing the invasive species as pest control actually lowers the biodiversity of all species and is an ineffective pest control at best.
Since there is no way to safely eradicate the species, the next best thing we can do is to try to preserve the Carolina Mantis. While we don’t always eradicate adult invasive mantises, we do a thorough check of every plant to remove invasive egg sacs (called ootheca) before it leaves the nursery so that we can create a safe space for Carolina Mantises to thrive and to prevent the spread of these invasive species from our meadow to yours. As our nursery population grows, we can hopefully send Carolina Mantis egg sacs out in the world with our plants.
Carolina mantises are much smaller than their invasive counterparts (2-2.5” in length) and are a mottled brown, grey, or green in color. Their color varies from molt to molt as they adjust to their environment. The ootheca of the Carolina Mantis is brown and tubular with distinctive dark vertical stripes.
In contrast, Chinese Mantises are much larger (5” in length) and are overall green or brown with a lateral green stripe on the borders of the front wings. This species is especially pervasive since they are often sold by garden stores as pest control or pets. Their ootheca are easier to spot: they are tan-colored teardrop-shaped puffs.
European Mantises area but smaller (4” in length) and can change color between yellow, brown, green, or black, possibly due to changes in environment or temperature. Their ootheca looks very similar to that of the Carolina Mantis, but lacks the dark stripes/ridges.
Help Fight Insect Habitat Loss
Insect populations have declined by an estimated 45% worldwide in the last four decades due to habitat loss, agro-chemical pollutants, invasive species, and climate change. Insects are vital: they pollinate our food and other plants, predatory insects help control pest populations, they aid in the decomposition of dead plants, animals, and feces, and are integral parts of food chains and food webs.
What can we, as individuals, do to help insect populations? Let’s tackle one cause of population decline: loss of habitat. Shown above is our wildflower field overlooking the nursery with woods beyond. We purposely allow this area to grow wild as a way to attract insects that are beneficial to our plants and to provide both woodland and grassland habitats. We also use logs as barriers in the nursery and to provide homes to boring insects (as in they make holes, not that they’re not interesting).
You can help insect populations by allowing portions of your yard to grow wild; habitats for insects would increase by more than 4 million acres in the US if every home, school, and park converted 10% of its lawns to wild space. You can also:
-Mow less often, especially in summer when insects are most active.
-Leave fallen sticks in the garden, leave bare earth uncovered in the fall, and don’t rake leaves before winter.
-Curb the use of insecticides and herbicides on your lawn on in your garden.
-Limit exterior lighting that attracts and can kill nocturnal insects.
And of course, grow native plants.
Check out these articles and podcast to learn more about the vanishing insect population.
The Guardian: The Insect Apocalypse: Our World Will Grind to a Halt Without Them
Sustainable Review: Insect Population On the Decline
National Geographic: Studies Confirm Alarming Insect Decline